Aviation Supplies & Academics, Inc. has been the industry’s trusted source for official FAA publications for over 80 years. Look for the ASA wings to ensure you’re purchasing the latest authentic FAA release.This handbook FAA-H-8083-21B is current in 2022.The FAA’s Helicopter Flying Handbook introduces the skills and knowledge essential for piloting helicopters. It benefits student pilots just beginning their aviation endeavors, as well as pilots preparing for additional certificates and ratings or who want to improve their flying proficiency, and flight instructors engaged in teaching pilots of all skill levels.This handbook provides information and guidance on the procedures and maneuvers required for pilot certification. In addition to a basic introduction to the helicopter, readers will find chapters on aerodynamics, flight controls, components and systems, the rotorcraft flight manual, weight and balance, performance, ground procedures, basic and advanced flight maneuvers, emergencies and hazards, attitude instrument flying and night operations.The Helicopter Flying Handbook is the official FAA source for learning to fly helicopters and is a primary reference for the FAA Knowledge Exams. Complete with chapter summaries and illustrated throughout with detailed, full-color drawings and photographs. It also includes a comprehensive glossary and index.
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Extrait
Helicopter Flying Handbook
2019
U.S. Department of Transportation FEDERAL AVIATION ADMINISTRATION Flight Standards Service
Helicopter Flying Handbook 2019 FAA-H-8083-21B
Aviation Supplies & Academics, Inc. 7005 132nd Place SE Newcastle, Washington 98059-3153
ASA-8083-21B-PD eBook PD ISBN 978-1-61954-995-1 Softcover ISBN 978-1-61954-992-0
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Preface
The Helicopter Flying Handbook is designed as a technical manual for applicants who are preparing for their private, commercial, or flight instructor pilot certificates with a helicopter class rating. Certificated flight instructors may find this handbook a valuable training aid, since detailed coverage of aerodynamics, flight controls, systems, performance, flight maneuvers, emergencies, and aeronautical decision-making is included. Topics such as weather, navigation, radio navigation and communications, use of flight information publications, and regulations are available in other Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) publications.
This handbook conforms to pilot training and certification concepts established by the FAA. There are different ways of teaching, as well as performing, flight procedures and maneuvers, and many variations in the explanations of aerodynamic theories and principles. This handbook adopts a selective method and concept to flying helicopters. The discussion and explanations reflect the most commonly used practices and principles. Occasionally the word “must” or similar language is used where the desired action is deemed critical. The use of such language is not intended to add to, interpret, or relieve a duty imposed by Title 14 of the Code of Federal Regulations (14 CFR). Persons working towards a helicopter rating are advised to review the references from the applicable practical test standards (FAA-S-8081-3 for recreational applicants, FAA-S-8081-15 for private applicants, and FAA-S-8081-16 for commercial applicants). Resources for study include FAA-H-8083-25, Pilot’s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge, and FAA-H-8083-1, Weight and Balance Handbook, as these documents contain basic material not duplicated herein. All beginning applicants should refer to FAA-H-8083-25, Pilot’s Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge, for study and basic library reference.
It is essential for persons using this handbook to become familiar with and apply the pertinent parts of 14 CFR and the Aeronautical Information Manual (AIM). The AIM is available online at www.faa.gov. The current Flight Standards Service airman training and testing material and learning statements for all airman certificates and ratings can be obtained from www.faa.gov.
This handbook supersedes FAA-H-8083-21A, Helicopter Flying Handbook, dated 2012. Gyroplane information can be found in the FAA-H-8083-20, Gyroplane Flying Handbook.
This handbook is available for download, in PDF format, from www.faa.gov.
This handbook is published by the United States Department of Transportation, Federal Aviation Administration, Airman Testing Branch, P.O. Box 25082, Oklahoma City, OK 73125.
Comments regarding this publication should be emailed to AFS630comments@faa.gov.
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Acknowledgments
The Helicopter Flying Handbook was produced by the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) with the assistance of Safety Research Corporation of America (SRCA). The FAA wishes to acknowledge the following contributors:
Federation of American Scientists (www.fas.org) for rotor system content used in Chapter 5 Kaman Aerospace, Helicopters Division for image of Kaman used in Chapter 5 Burkhard Domke (www.b-domke.de) for images of rotor systems (Chapters 1 and 4) New Zealand Civil Aviation Authority for image of safety procedures for approaching a helicopter (Chapter 9) Shawn Coyle of Eagle Eye Solutions, LLC for images and content used in Chapter 10 Dr. Pat Veillette for information used on decision-making (Chapter 13)
Additional appreciation is extended to the Helicopter Association International (HAI), United States Helicopter Safety Team (USHST), Leonardo Helicopters, Aircraft Owners and Pilots Association (AOPA), and the AOPA Air Safety Foundation for their technical support and input.
Chapter 6 Weight and Balance ............................................6-1 Introduction....................................................................6-1 Weight............................................................................6-2 Basic Empty Weight...................................................6-2 Maximum Gross Weight ............................................6-2 Weight Limitations.....................................................6-2 Balance...........................................................................6-2 Center of Gravity........................................................6-2 CG Forward of Forward Limit ...................................6-3 CG Aft of Aft Limit ...................................................6-3 Lateral Balance...........................................................6-3 Weight and Balance Calculations ..................................6-4 Reference Datum........................................................6-4 Chapter Summary ..........................................................6-4
Chapter 7 Helicopter Performance ......................................7-1 Introduction....................................................................7-1 Factors Affecting Performance ......................................7-2 Moisture (Humidity) ..................................................7-2 Weight ........................................................................7-2 Winds .........................................................................7-2 Performance Charts........................................................7-2 Height/Velocity Diagram ...........................................7-2 The Effect of Weight Versus Density Altitude.......7-3 Autorotational Performance .......................................7-4
Hovering Performance ...............................................7-4 Sample Hover Problem 1........................................7-5 Sample Hover Problem 2........................................7-5 Sample Hover Problem 3........................................7-6 Climb Performance.....................................................7-6 Sample Cruise or Level Flight Problem .................7-8 Sample Climb Problem...........................................7-8 Chapter Summary ..........................................................7-9
Chapter 8 Ground Procedures and Flight Preparations.........................................................8-1 Introduction....................................................................8-1 Preflight..........................................................................8-2 Minimum Equipment Lists (MELs) and Operations with Inoperative Equipment.....................8-2 Engine Start and Rotor Engagement..............................8-3 Rotor Safety Considerations.......................................8-3 Aircraft Servicing .......................................................8-4 Safety in and Around Helicopters..................................8-4 Ramp Attendants and Aircraft Servicing Personnel ....................................................................8-4 Passengers ..................................................................8-4 Pilot at the Flight Controls .........................................8-6 After Landing and Securing .......................................8-6 Chapter Summary ..........................................................8-6
Chapter 9 Basic Flight Maneuvers ......................................9-1 Introduction....................................................................9-1 The Four Fundamentals .................................................9-2 Guidelines ..................................................................9-2 Straight-and-Level Flight...............................................9-3 Technique ...................................................................9-3 Common Errors ..........................................................9-3 Turns ..............................................................................9-3 Technique ...................................................................9-3 Slips ............................................................................9-4 Skids ...........................................................................9-4 Normal Climb ................................................................9-5 Technique ...................................................................9-5 Common Errors ..........................................................9-5 Normal Descent .............................................................9-5 Technique ...................................................................9-5 Common Errors ..........................................................9-6 Vertical Takeoff to a Hover ...........................................9-6 Technique ...................................................................9-6 Common Errors ..........................................................9-6 Hovering ........................................................................9-7 Technique ...................................................................9-7 Common Errors ..........................................................9-7
Hovering Turn................................................................9-7 Technique ...................................................................9-7 Common Errors ..........................................................9-9 Hovering—Forward Flight ............................................9-9 Technique ...................................................................9-9 Common Errors ..........................................................9-9 Hovering—Sideward Flight...........................................9-9 Technique ...................................................................9-9 Common Errors ........................................................9-10 Hovering—Rearward Flight ........................................9-10 Technique .................................................................9-10 Common Errors ........................................................9-10 Taxiing .........................................................................9-10 Hover Taxi................................................................9-10 Air Taxi ....................................................................9-10 Technique .............................................................9-11 Common Errors ....................................................9-11 Surface Taxi .............................................................9-11 Technique .............................................................9-11 Common Errors ....................................................9-11 Normal Takeoff from a Hover .....................................9-12 Technique .................................................................9-12 Common Errors ........................................................9-12 Normal Takeoff from the Surface................................9-13 Technique .................................................................9-13 Common Errors ........................................................9-13 Crosswind Considerations During Takeoffs ................9-13 Ground Reference Maneuvers .....................................9-13 Rectangular Course ..................................................9-14 Technique .............................................................9-14 Common Errors ....................................................9-15 S-Turns .....................................................................9-15 Technique .............................................................9-15 Common Errors ....................................................9-16 Turns Around a Point ...............................................9-16 Technique .............................................................9-16 Common Errors ...................................................9-17 Traffic Patterns.............................................................9-17 Approaches ..................................................................9-18 Normal Approach to a Hover ...................................9-19 Technique .............................................................9-19 Common Errors ....................................................9-19 Normal Approach to the Surface..............................9-20 Technique .............................................................9-20 Common Errors ....................................................9-20 Crosswind During Approaches ................................9-20 Go-Around ...................................................................9-20 Chapter Summary ........................................................9-20