Matthew, Disciple and Scribe , livre ebook

Cover
Half Title Page
Title Page
Copyright Page
© 2019 by Patrick Schreiner
Published by Baker Academic
a division of Baker Publishing Group
PO Box 6287, Grand Rapids, MI 49516-6287
www.bakeracademic.com
Ebook edition created 2019
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means—for example, electronic, photocopy, recording—without the prior written permission of the publisher. The only exception is brief quotations in printed reviews.
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data is on file at the Library of Congress, Washington, DC.
ISBN 978-1-4934-1812-1
Unless otherwise indicated, all Scripture quotations from the Old and New Testaments are from The Holy Bible, English Standard Version® (ESV®), copyright © 2001 by Crossway, a publishing ministry of Good News Publishers. Used by permission. All rights reserved. ESV Text Edition: 2016
Quotations from the Old Testament Apocrypha are from the New Revised Standard Version of the Bible, copyright © 1989, by the Division of Christian Education of the National Council of the Churches of Christ in the United States of America. Used by permission. All rights reserved.
Scripture quotations labeled NIV are from the Holy Bible, New International Version®. NIV®. Copyright © 1973, 1978, 1984, 2011 by Biblica, Inc.™ Used by permission of Zondervan. All rights reserved worldwide. www.zondervan.com. The “NIV” and “New International Version” are trademarks registered in the United States Patent and Trademark Office by Biblica, Inc.™
Dedication
To Jonathan Pennington and my teachers at Southern Seminary, who taught me the wisdom of the Scriptures
Contents
Cover i
Half Title Page ii
Title Page iii
Copyright Page iv
Dedication v
Preface ix
Abbreviations xi
Introduction 1
Part 1: The Scribe Described 5
1. Matthew, the Discipled Scribe 7
2. The Scribe’s Convictions and Methods 37
Part 2: The Scribe at Work 63
3. Jesus and the Journey of the Davidic King 65
4. Jesus as the Ideal and Wise King 101
5. Jesus and the Mosaic Exodus 131
6. Jesus and Abraham’s New Family 169
7. Jesus and Israel’s Destiny 207
Conclusion 241
Bibliography 255
Index of Authors 268
Index of Scripture and Other Ancient Sources 271
Index of Subjects 281
Back Cover 290
Preface
Expectations are key. Though the title of this book might compel you to think this is a work on authorship or even Matthean priority, that is not the case. The pages before you focus more on the theology and narrative of Matthew. Though I do think it was Matthew––the disciple and scribe––who wrote the First Gospel, my argument does not depend on Matthean authorship, nor will I spend time arguing for Matthean authorship. My aims are broader than this.
Two brief notes should be made before I begin. First, the work before you is more constructive than deconstructive. Though it undoubtedly has elements that work against certain tendencies, the aim of this work is not to take a theory and overturn it. Rather, I present one way to view Matthew’s narrative. This means I don’t begin by identifying a problem nor developing tension and then spend the rest of the work trying to solve it. Rather, I put forward my argument, hoping that it will bring some light to Matthew’s narrative.
Second, though I do support my assertions with footnotes, I have tried to limit repeated references and not to log what each commentator says about each passage. Therefore, some statements stand without a reference at all, even when I make statements like “many commentators” or “most scholars.” I realize that this is an academic faux paux , but it has helped keep it at a manageable length. In addition, the initial plan was to be more introductory, but it quickly took an academic turn, and therefore the book at times straddles both worlds. I realize that this could be a stumbling block for readers, so I hope you are the type who reads the preface.
This book was birthed out of a love for the Gospels and an affinity for Matthew more specifically—a love that has continued from the days of my seminary course work and doctoral thesis. In many ways, the book does not feel complete, because I discover something new each time I read and study the Gospel. I recognize that the editing, organizing, and clarifying of this work could continue ad infinitum. In many ways, no book is ever done; it is simply due.
* * *
Many helped me improve this work. Jonathan Pennington read an early and later version and provided both structural and more detailed comments. My father, Thomas Schreiner, also read many chapters as I finished them and enhanced the project on many levels. My colleagues Josh Mathews and Todd Miles also read parts of the book and pointed out areas that could be strengthened. Nathan Ridlehoover read sections and pointed me to other parts of Matthew that aligned with my argument. Peter Gurry helped me on the chapter concerning scribes, and Chris Bruno gave me some structural suggestions and noted places where I needed more clarity. Adam Christian read a section of the book with the oral tradition (rather than written) in mind. Chad Ashby gave me feedback in the initial stages, and Katlyn Richards completed the Scripture and author indexes. Bryan Dyer was instrumental in getting this project off the ground and provided good feedback along the way. The editors at Baker also improved the work, especially Wells Turner, who provided an editorial eye and double-checked my cross-references. I would be remiss not to mention my wife and children as they endured many late nights and coffee shop trips as I worked through this material. I could not have completed any of this if my wife were not such a stabilizing force at home.
My prayer as you read this book is that you too will follow the teacher of wisdom by paying close attention to the scribe’s recounting of Jesus’s life. Matthew, as the disciple and scribe, wrote about Jesus in a unique way to make disciples of future generations (Matt. 28:18–20).
Abbreviations
Bibliographic and General ANE ancient Near East ANF The Ante-Nicene Fathers: Translations of the Writings of the Fathers down to A. D. 325 , ed. Alexander Roberts and James Donaldson, rev. A. Cleveland Coxe, 10 vols. (New York: Christian Literature, 1885–87; repr., Peabody, MA: Hendrickson, 1994) AT author translation BBR Bulletin for Biblical Research BDAG W. Bauer, F. W. Danker, W. F. Arndt, and F. W. Gingrich, A Greek-English Lexicon of New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature , 3rd ed. (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2000) BECNT Baker Exegetical Commentary on the New Testament BETL Bibliotheca Ephemeridum Theologicarum Lovaniensium Bib Biblica BTB Biblical Theology Bulletin BWANT Beiträge zur Wissenschaft vom Alten und Neuen Testament BZNW Beihefte zur Zeitschrift für die neutestamentliche Wissenschaft ca. circa , about CBQ Catholic Biblical Quarterly cf. confer , compare chap(s). chapter(s) ConBNT Coniectanea Biblica: New Testament Series DSSSE The Dead Sea Scrolls Study Edition , ed. Florentino García Martínez and Eibert J. C. Tigchelaar, 2 vols. (Leiden: Brill, 1997–98) ed(s). editor(s), edited by, edition Eng. English versions/versification esp. especially ESV English Standard Version et al. et alii , and others ETL Ephemerides Theologicae Lovanienses ExpTim Expository Times FOTL Forms of the Old Testament Literature frag(s). fragment(s) GCS Die griechischen christlichen Schriftsteller der ersten [drei] Jahrhunderte (Leipzig: Hinrichs, 1897–) HALOT The Hebrew and Aramaic Lexicon of the Old Testament , by Ludwig Koehler, Walter Baumgartner, and Johann J. Stamm, trans. and ed. under the supervision of Mervyn E. J. Richardson. 4 vols. (Leiden: Brill, 1994–99) HBT Horizons in Biblical Theology HTR Harvard Theological Review IBS Irish Biblical Studies ICC International Critical Commentary Int Interpretation JBL Journal of Biblical Literature JETS Journal of the Evangelical Theological Society JGRChJ Journal of Greco-Roman Christianity and Judaism JMT Journal of Moral Theology JSNT Journal for the Study of the New Testament JSNTSup Journal for the Study of the New Testament Supplement Series JSOTSup Journal for the Study of the Old Testament Supplement Series JSP Journal for the Study of the Pseudepigrapha KJV King James Version LCL Loeb Classical Library LNTS Library of New Testament Studies LXX Septuagint MT Masoretic Text NA 28 Novum Testamentum Graece, ed. Eberhard Nestle, Erwin Nestle, B. Aland, K. Aland, J. Karavidopoulos, C. M. Martini, and B. M. Metzger, 28th rev. ed. (Stuttgart: Deutsche Bibelgesellschaft, 2012) NABRE New American Bible, Revised Edition NAC New American Commentary NASB New American Standard Bible Neot Neotestamentica NETS New English Translation of the Septuagint NICNT New International Commentary on the New Testament NIDNTTE New International Dictionary of New Testament Theology and Exegesis , ed. Moisès Silva, 2nd ed., 5 vols. (Grand Rapids: Zondervan, 2014) NIGTC New International Greek Testament Commentary NIV New International Version NovT Novum Testamentum NovTSup Supplements to Novum Testamentum NRSV New Revised Standard Version NSBT New Studies in Biblical Theology NT New Testament NTS New Testament Studies OBO Orbis Biblicus et Orientalis OT Old Testament PG Patrologia Graeca [= Patrologiae Cursus Completus . Series Graeca]. Edited by Jacques-Paul Migne. 161 vols. (Paris, 1857–86) PNTC Pillar New Testament Commentary RBL Review of Biblical Literature repr. reprinted SBLSP Society of Biblical Literature Seminar Papers SBT Studies in Biblical Theology SJT Scottish Journal of Theology SNTSMS Society for New Testament Studies Monograph Series STDJ Studies on the Texts of the Desert of Judah Them Themelios TJ Trinity Journal trans. translator, translated by TynBul Tyndale Bulletin v(v). verse(s) WBC Word Biblical Commentary WTJ Westminster Theological Journal ZAW Zeitschrift für die alttest