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Publié par
Date de parution
12 décembre 2024
Nombre de lectures
1
EAN13
9782759834594
Langue
English
Poids de l'ouvrage
8 Mo
The Asian mosses were first comprehensively and systematically recorded in the book. The systematic arrangement used in this book follows the structure outlined in the “Syllabus of Plant Families” (Part 3 Bryophytes and seedless Vascular Plants), published in 2009. Additionally, this book incorporates the latest research findings. Families are systematically arranged as described, with genera and species listed alphabetically. Distribution in Asia is presented by individual countries, while distribution outside Asia is categorized by continents. Each accepted species includes Latin scientific name, basionym and other synonyms. Type specimens, including the species’ original localities in Asia, are listed for both accepted names and synonyms. The distribution locations within Asia are based on the literature references.
Prologue
Preface
I. Bryophyta Schimp. ....................................................................................................... 1
Takakiopsida M. Stech & W. Frey ......................................................................... 2
Sphagnopsida Schimp. ........................................................................................... 2
Andreaeopsida J.H. Schaffn. ................................................................................ 13
Oedipodiopsida Goffinet & W.R. Buck ............................................................... 15
Tetraphidiopsida Goffinet & W.R. Buck ............................................................. 15
Polytrichopsida Doweld ....................................................................................... 16
Bryopsida Pax ....................................................................................................... 33
References .................................................................................................................. 655
Index of families and genera ...................................................................................... 706
Publié par
Date de parution
12 décembre 2024
Nombre de lectures
1
EAN13
9782759834594
Langue
English
Poids de l'ouvrage
8 Mo
Current Natural Sciences
YuJIAand Qiang HE
M ap pi ngP l a n t s A s i a E d i t o r i n c h i e f : K e p i n g M A
ACatalogueofAsianMosses
M a p p i n g A s i a P l a n t s
ISBN : 978-2-7598-3159-3
9 782759 831593
Current Natural Sciences
A Catalogue of Asian Mosses
Yu JIA and Qiang HE
T h e A s i a n m o s s e s we re f i r s t c o m p re h e n s i ve l y a n d systematically recorded in the book. The systematic arrangement used in this book follows the structure outlined in the “Syllabus of Plant Families” (Part 3 Bryophytes and seedless Vascular Plants), published in 2009. Additionally, this book incorporates the latest research findings. Families are systematically arranged as described, with genera and species listed alphabetically.
Distribution in Asia is presented by individual countries, while distribution outside Asia is categorized by continents. Each accepted species includes Latin scientific name, basionym and other synonyms. Type specimens, including the species’ original localities in Asia, are listed for both accepted names and synonyms. The distribution locations within Asia are based on the literature references.
Yu JIAand Qiang HEare researchers at the Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops/State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences & China National Botanical Garden. As leading experts in Bryophytes in China, they have published a series of important papers in the major international journals of the field of taxonomy, phylogeny and evolution of Bryophytes.
www.edpsciences.org
Current Natural Sciences
Mapping Asia Plants Editor in chief: Keping MA
Yu JIA and Qiang HE
A Catalogue of Asian Mosses
Mapping Asia Plants
Keping MA Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China
A Catalogue of Asian Mosses
Yu JIA, Qiang HE Laboratory of Plant Diversity and Specialty Crops/State Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Institute of Botany, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China & China National Botanical Garden, Beijing, 100093, China.
Photographer of the illustration on front cover: Junjie Wang. Photographer of the illustration on back cover: Ruoxing Zhang.
Printed in France
EDP Sciences–ISBN(print): 9782759831593–ISBN(ebook): 9782759834594 DOI: 10.1051/9782759831593
All rights relative to translation, adaptation and reproduction by any means whatsoever are reserved, worldwide. In accordance with the terms of paragraphs 2 and 3 of Article 41 of the French Act dated March 11, 1957,“copies or reproductions reserved strictly for private use and not intended for collective use”and, on the other hand, analyses and short quotations for example or illustrative purposes, are allowed. Otherwise,“any representation or reproduction–whether in full or in part–without the consent of the author or of his successors or assigns, is unlawful”(Article 40, paragraph 1). Any representation or reproduction, by any means whatsoever, will therefore be deemed an infringement of copyright punishable under Articles 425 and following of the French Penal Code.
The printed edition is not for sale in Chinese mainland.
Science Press, EDP Sciences, 2024
PrologueBiodiversity is deteriorating worldwide. According to the United Nations Environment Programme, biodiversity loss, alongside climate change and pollution, represents one of three major global crises. The 15th meeting of the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity adopted the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework, which sets goals and targets for the next decade and 2050 to ensure that biodiversity loss is reversed. Understanding biodiversity is the first prerequisite for biodiversity research and conservation. The advancement of biodiversity informatics, biodiversity distribution data provides a robust support for biodiversity research and conservation. It notably facilitates the study of large-scale biodiversity patterns, conservation planning, biodiversity response to global change, and the prediction of invasive alien species dispersal. Creating a species checklist is the primary task in understanding biodiversity spatial-temporal patterns and a critial first step in the field of biodiversity informatics. It is essential for biodiversity conservation, research, management, monitoring and sustainable use. Additionally, the number of native and exotic species serves as a crucial statistical indicator of a country’s biodiversity. Asia is one of the richest continents in terms of biodiversity. With its myriad ecosystems and climatic zones, Asia stands as a global hotspot for plant diversity. The continent boasts an awe-inspiring array of flora, encompassing a wide spectrum of life forms, from the smallest mosses to the towering trees, and from delicate wildflowers to robust grasses. The variety of plant species in Asia reflects the continent’s geographic expanse and the complex interplay of ecological, geological, and climatic factors. However, plant cataloguing and the availability of occurrence data in Asia remain inadequate. In response to this, Mapping Asia Plants (MAP) was initiated at the Working Group Meeting of the Asia Biodiversity Conservation and Database Network (ABCDNet) in November 2015, organized by the Biodiversity Committee, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS). MAP aims to establish an online data platform for Asian botanical information, providing comprehensive foundational knowledge and an interdisciplinary data mining environment for the conservation and research of Asian plant diversity. The first step of MAP is to establish a database on the inventory and distribution of plant species in Asia and to develop an online platform for data management and mining. The plant species checklists and their distribution database are the cores of MAP at its current stage. The main sources inculde: 1. Floras, plant checklists and related publications; 2. Plant distribution maps; 3. Plant specimens, including photographs of plants with reliable identification; 4. Vegetation survey plots; 5. Plant investigation data; 6. Plant observation data, including data published by plant enthusiasts and parataxonomists; 7. Digitized online datasets. Through cooperation with experts from many Asian countries and beyond, MAP overcame multiple language barriers, compiled research progress on plant diversity in Asia, integrated the floras and checklists, and established a database of Asian plant species. A series of plant species checklists have been completed and will be gradually released. According to our current research progress, there are 435 families, 6,838 genera and about 119,000 species (excluding subspecies) in Asia. Based on the plant species
ii A Catalogue of Asian Mosses checklists, a comprehensive data platform will be further developed to support research on plant ecology, evolutionary botany, plant geography, conservation biology and global change biology. It is also planned to create a data clearing and mining kit and an analysis platform for plant species distribution maps, plant diversity distribution maps, the revision of plant names and species distribution models. For a plant species checklist developed based on multiple sources, it is essential to perform taxonomic cleaning against a standard global plant checklist. Several global species checklists created by taxonomists are available for this purpose, such as Leipzig Catalogue of Vascular Plants, the World Checklist of Vascular Plants, World Flora Online (successor of The Plant List, TPL), World Plants and Catalogue of Life (CoL). In this series of checklists, we present a meticulous compilation of plant species, organized taxonomically into families, genera, and species, with additional details on subspecies and varieties where applicable. The aim is to provide researchers, botanists, conservationists, and enthusiasts with a valuable resource for understanding and appreciating the remarkable flora of the Asian continent. The MAP series presents the first-ever Asian catalogue for liverworts (Marchantiophyta), hornworts (Anthocerotophyta) and mosses (Bryophyta). It includes 2,777 species in 246 generaˈrepresenting 74 families from the two phyla of liverworts and hornworts. For mosses, the catalogue includes 4,039 species in 597 genera, representing 99 families. In the checklist of North Asia, there are 162 families, 1,151 genera, 6,459 species of vascular plants. Central Asia’checklist includes139 families, 1,198 genera and 9,643 species of vascular plants. Related research has advanced in Southeast, South and West Asia, where plant biodiversity research is more complex, making it more challenging and time-consuming to complete the species checklist. To complete the MAP series, we conducted extensive data collection, and taxonomic literature review. Several review papers have been published for South Asia, West Asia, Central Asia, Northeast Asia and Russia respectively. China, as one of the megadiversity countries in the world, plays an extremely important role in biodiversity conservation. China accounts for 21.5 % of Asia’s land area and 35 % of Asia’s plant species, and has published the world’s largest flora. Meanwhile, China has established several platforms such as the BioONE (An Integrated Big BioData Infrastructure for CASEarth) and the National Specimen Information Infrastructure (NSII), which covers plant distribution data in China and many nearby countries. Based on these achievements, we have gained a comprehensive understanding of plant diversity in Asian countries, laying the foundation for biodiversity conservation and research at the regional level in Asia. Our work was supported by the Bureau of International Cooperation, CAS, the Alliance of International Science Organizations (ANSO) (ANSO-PA-2020-10), the Strategic Priority Research Program of CAS (No. XDA19050404) and the Southeast Asia Biodiversity Research Institute of CAS. However, due to factors such as language barriers and the discovery and publication of new plant species or revisions of certain taxa, the MAP series may not be perfect publication at the moment.Suggestions and comments from all colleagues and experts are sincerely welcome to keep the checklists updated.
Keping MA Editor in Chief November 10th, 2023
Preface 1. BackgroundAsia is the largest and most populous continent, covering 8.7% of the Earth’s total area (or 29.4% of the total land area). It is home to over 4 billion people, accounting for approximately 60.5% of the world’s total population. The vast majority of Asia is located in both the northern and eastern hemispheres. The boundary between Asia and Africa is the Suez Canal, with Asia lying to the east. The dividing lines between Asia and Europe are the Urals, the Caspian Sea, the Grand Caucasus, the Turkish Strait, and the Black Sea. Asia extends east to Cape Jerinov (66°4'45"N, 169°39'7"W), south to Dan Maria (1°16'N, 103°31'E), west to Cape Baba (39°27'N, 26°3'E), and north to 77°43'N, 104°18'E, with the highest peak being Everest. The latitude and longitude span is extensive, resulting in an 11-13 hour time difference between the east and west. Asia is connected to Europe in the west, forming the largest continent of Eurasia. Asia is typically divided into six regions based on geographical location: East Asia, Southeast Asia, South Asia, West Asia, Central Asia, and North Asia. Each of these regions has a distinctive natural environment. — East Asia includes China, the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, the Republic of Korea, Mongolia, and Japan. — Southeast Asia encompasses Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Myanmar, Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia, the Philippines, Brunei, East Timor, and other countries. — South Asia includes Sri Lanka, the Maldives, Pakistan, India, Bangladesh, Nepal, and Bhutan. — West Asia, also called Southwest Asia, includes Iran, Turkey, Cyprus, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Israel, Jordan, Iraq, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Yemen, Oman, the United Arab Emirates, Qatar, Bahrain, Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Afghanistan. — Central Asia comprises Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, and Kazakhstan. — North Asia refers to Siberia, part of Russia. Asia’s terrain is varied and undulating, with high elevations in the middle and lower elevations elsewhere. The eastern part features a longitudinal column of colorful island arcs. With an average elevation of about 950 meters, Asia is the highest continent in the world, excluding Antarctica. The Asian continent spans cold, warm, and hot climate zones. The climate is complex and diverse, featuring a typical monsoon climate and notable continental characteristics. The eastern part of Asia has a humid temperate and subtropical monsoon climate, while Southeast and South Asia have humid tropical monsoon climates. Central Asia, West Asia, and parts of East Asia are arid regions. Between these humid monsoon areas and the inland arid areas, much of North Asia is sub-humid and semi-arid. The first species of Leucobryum was described by Bridel (1798), asSphagnum javense1993). This is probably the earliest report of Asian mosses. In (Yamaguchi, 1999, Crosby et al. published the World List of Bryophytes, including 12 800 species of mosses. This is currently the most authoritative number on the diversity of moss plants in the world. But so far, the number of moss on each continent has not been reported. No one can yet answer any questions about how many mosses are
iv A Catalogue of Asian Mosses distributed in Asia. Although a large number of papers and works have been published on the taxonomic, floristic, and systematic studies of mosses in Asia, we still do not know the diversity of mosses in Asia or even the estimated number. Therefore, this book is the first comprehensive report on the number and distribution of moss species diversity in Asia, which will fill the gap in diversity research in this region, plays a positive role in promoting the study of moss diversity in Asia, and contributes to the study of moss diversity in the world. 2. Structure and format of the CatalogueThe systematic arrangement used in this book follows the “Syllabus of Plant Families (Part 3 Bryophytes and Seedless Vascular Plants),” published in 2009, while incorporating the latest research findings. Families are arranged systematically, with genera and species ordered alphabetically. Each accepted species includes a Latin scientific name, basionym, and other synonyms. Distribution information within the Asian region is recorded according to national units. The type specimens’ information, including type localities of species names in Asia, is listed for both accepted names and synonyms. 3. Brief outline of mosses in AsiaAccording to the literature, authors here present the first-ever Asian catalogue for mosses (Bryophyta) that includes 4039 species in 597 genera representing 99 families. In Asia, there are 22 families which include more than or equal to 10 genera, and 25 genera including more than or equal to 30 species (see Table 1 and Table 2). There are seventy-one genera endemic to Asia, they areAchrophyllumVitt & Crosby,Actinothuidium(Besch.) Broth.,BenitotaniaH. Akiyama, T. Yamag. & Suleiman,BissetiaBroth. ex M. Fleisch.,Bonnosukea H. Akiyama,Boulaya Cardot,Brachymeniopsis Broth., CalymperopsisHal.) M. Fleisch., (Müll. ChrysocladiumFleisch., M. Clastobryella M. Fleisch.,CtenidiadelphusM. Fleisch.,Curvicladium Enroth,Dimorphocladon Dixon, Dixonia& Ando, Horik. Dolichomitra Broth.,Donnellia Austin,DozyaLac., Sande EndotrichellopsisDuring,EumyuriumNog.,FilibryumW. Kim & T. Yamag.,ForeauellaDixon & P. de la Varde,Gammiella Broth.,Handeliobryum Broth.,HydrocryphaeaDixon,Indothuidium A. Touw,JuratzkaeellaW.R. Buck,KoponobryumArts, LeptobarbulaSchimp.,LeptocladiumBroth.,MawenzhangiaEnroth, Shevock & Ignatov, Metadistichophyllum& Z. Iwats., Nog. Meteoriella S. Okamura,MicralsopsisBuck, MicrogammiellaAkiyama, H. MicrotheciellaDixon,MitrobryumH. Rob.,MiyabeaBroth.,NanomitriellaE.B. Bartram,NanotheciumDixon & P. de la Varde,NeobarbellaNog.,Neodolichomitra Nog.,Neonoguchia S.H. Lin,NoguchiodendronT.N. Ninh & Pócs,Orthoamblystegium& Sakurai, Dixon OrthodontopsisIgnatov & B.C. Tan, OsterwaldiellaBroth.,PalisadulaToyama,PararhexophyllumJan Kučera,PenzigiellaM. Fleisch.,PenzigiellaFleisch., M. PhantomiaS. He & W.R. Buck,Podperaea Z. Iwats. & Glime,Pseudocryptogonium H. Akiyama & B.C. Tan,PseudokindbergiaM. Li, Y.F. Wang, Ignatov. & B.C. Tan,Pseudospiridentopsis (Broth.) M. Fleisch., PseudotrismegistiaH. Akiy. & Tsubota,RheoshevockiaIgnatov, W.Z. Ma & D.G. Long, SakuraiaBroth.,Sasaokaea Broth.,ScabridensBartram, E.B. Sclerohypnum Dixon, Shevockia Enroth & M.C. Ji,Sinocalliergon Sakurai,Stenotheciopsis M. Fleisch., Steppomitra Vondr. & Hadač,TaxiphyllopsisHiguchi & Deguchi,Taxitheliella Dixon, Trolliella Herzog,WeberaHedw.,YakushimabryumH. Akiyama, Y. Chang, T. Yamag. & B.C. Tan andYunnanobryonShevock, Ochyra, S. He & D.G. Long.
Bryaceae
10
Bryum
Genera
Fissidens
Leskeaceae
Mniaceae
Table 2. Genera including more than or equal to 30 species in Asia Number of species in Number of species Number of variety Number of the world in Aisa in Asia subspecies in Asia 444 197 21 3
2
0
0
Systematic Arrangement of Asian Bryophytes Table 1 Families including more than or equal to 10 genera in Asia
23
21
46
32
13
15
v
15
24
23
38
28
86
53
21
20
16
15
15
24
54
28
24
24
19
3
6
4
15
18
13
14
Syrrhopodon
26
12
25
14
16
11
12
18
13
27
16
6
25
153
300
204
107
364
440
Daltoniaceae
Dicranaceae
Leucobryaceae
Oncophoraceae
102
138
Macromitrium
Sphagnum
Pylaisiadelphaceae
Sematophyllaceae
Neckeraceae
Meteoriaceae
Hypnaceae
Brachytheciaceae
Funariaceae
Orthotrichaceae
Families
Pottiaceae
Thuidiaceae
Amblystegiaceae
Ditrichaceae
Polytrichaceae
Hylocomiaceae
Pterobryaceae
Number of genera in the world
12
Brachythecium
Orthotrichum
Ectropothecium
Pohlia
Number of genera in Asia
2
3
1
1
5
11
10
11
11
10
11
93
71
76
75
76
44
50
54
30
0
1
0
30
34
33
31
3
4
5
0
0
0
Continued Number of subspecies in Asia 1
Some genera have been treated as synonyms of the other genera, but few species still are used under old names of genera. Those names represent taxa that have not been studied recently and have not been recognized in any recent treatment. Hymenostomum,Semibarbula, andMniobryumhave been treated asWeissia,Barbula,andPohliaSo the following names need to further taxonomic study: respectively. Hymenostomum siamense Dixon,Semibarbula ranuiiGangule, andMniobryum latifoliumSchiffn. In Asia, the top ten countries in the number of species are China, Japan, India, Vietnam, Indonesia, Türkiye, Malaysia, Thailand, Sri Lanka, and the Philippines (see Table 3).
0
Pogonatum
Philonotis
Hypnum
Didymodon
Genera
Tortula
Campylopus
vi
India
China
Japan
58
2115
Distichophyllum
Isopterygium
Dicranella
Chaetomitrium
Vesicularia
46
Acroporium
114
92
Dicranum
Grimmia
Barbula
Entodon
Table 3. Top ten countries of number of species in Asia
2
Malaysia
Country
Vietnam
Indonesia
Türkiye
1
14
8
1
8
7
Number of variety in Asia 14
7
0
6
11
7
Number of species in the world 197
6
45
45
51
45
Number of species in Aisa 49
350
68
A Catalogue of Asian Mosses
36
35
38
42
43
39
Number of species
1159
1515
844
849
711
819
186
128
158
100
116
40
64
150
1
0
0
1
1
1
0
147
